Gravlax
Sarah Anne Ward for The New York Times. Food stylist: Frances Boswell. Prop stylist: Amy Elise Wilson.
Total Time
30 minutes, plus 5 days’ curing
Rating
4(525)
Notes
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I think of making my own gravlax — the Nordic sugar-salt cured salmon — as the gentle, blue-square cooking analog of an intermediate ski trail: It’s mostly easy, but requires some experience. While butchering a whole salmon and cold smoking what you’ve butchered are also exhilarating milestones in the life of an advancing home cook (both a little farther up the mountain and a little steeper on the run down), buying a nice fillet and burying it in salt, sugar and a carpet of chopped fresh dill for a few days is a great confidence-building day on the slopes, so to speak. The cured gravlax will last a solid five days once sliced, in the refrigerator. If a whole side of salmon is more than you need at once, the rest freezes very satisfactorily.

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Ingredients

Yield:10 to 12 servings (about 3 pounds)

    For the Cured Salmon

    • 1side clean, fresh and fat Alaskan king salmon, skin on, pin bones removed, neatly trimmed of all undesirable bits of fat and tissue (about 3 to 3½ pounds total), or 1 fat and gorgeous 2½-pound fillet cut from the widest part of the body
    • ½cup kosher salt
    • ½cup granulated sugar
    • ¼cup finely ground black pepper
    • 2bunches dill (about 4 ounces each), clean and dry, left intact (no need to pick fronds from stem), coarsely chopped (about 2 cups)

    For Serving

    • 1cup unsalted butter (2 sticks), left at room temperature for an hour (not hard from the fridge yet not so warm as to be greasy)
    • 1bunch dill (about 4 ounces), clean and dry, fronds removed from stems, fronds finely chopped (about ¾ cup)
    • 1medium shallot, peeled and finely minced
    • 3tablespoons Dijon mustard
    • Soft dark pumpernickel sandwich bread
Ingredient Substitution Guide
Nutritional analysis per serving (12 servings)

260 calories; 20 grams fat; 11 grams saturated fat; 1 gram trans fat; 6 grams monounsaturated fat; 2 grams polyunsaturated fat; 13 grams carbohydrates; 1 gram dietary fiber; 9 grams sugars; 8 grams protein; 232 milligrams sodium

Note: The information shown is Edamam’s estimate based on available ingredients and preparation. It should not be considered a substitute for a professional nutritionist’s advice.

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Preparation

  1. Step 1

    Cure the salmon: Lay salmon skin-side down, flesh-side up in a glass or stainless-steel baking dish. (A large lasagna dish works well.) In a small bowl, toss together the salt, sugar and pepper until blended. Sprinkle the mixture over the salmon evenly, with abandon, until fully covered, as if under a blanket of snow. Use all of it.

  2. Step 2

    Spread all the chopped dill on top of the cure-covered salmon to make a thick, grassy carpet.

  3. Step 3

    Lay plastic wrap or parchment paper over the salmon to cover and press down, then place a heavy weight — such as a 2-gallon zip-top bag filled with water — on top, to weigh heavily on the curing fish. Refrigerate just like this, without disturbing, for 5 days, turning the salmon over midway through the cure — on Day 3 — then covering and weighting it again.

  4. Step 4

    To serve, mix together the softened butter, dill, shallot and mustard until well blended.

  5. Step 5

    Remove salmon from the cure, which has now become liquid, brushing off the dill with a paper towel, then set fillet on a cutting board.

  6. Step 6

    With a long, thin, beveled slicing knife tilted toward the horizon, slice salmon thinly, stopping short of cutting through the skin. Generally, you begin slicing a few inches from the tail end and you slice in the direction of the tail, moving your knife back, slice by slice, toward the fatter, wider belly portion of the fillet. The last slices are always hard to get. Once you have shingled the fillet, run your knife between skin and flesh, releasing all the slices, then transfer them to parchment until ready to serve.

  7. Step 7

    Spread the compound butter on bread, then drape sliced gravlax on top, and eat as open-faced sandwiches.

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Cooking Notes

From now on I think every recipe should include "fat and gorgeous" in the ingredients.

Two pieces of salmon in a zip lock bag with the skins against each other and the flesh to the outside, comes out well. Instead of weighing it down, you just turn the bag over every day as it cures. The liquid from the bag is great for curing chopped onions.

From an old Joyce Goldstein cookbook: sprinkle the dill with a couple of TBS Acquavit (good) or scotch whisky (better) at the end of step 2, which adds a nice extra taste touch + alcohol dissolves both fat-soluble and water-soluble flavors (why pasta alla vodka works so well) and helps them penetrate the salmon during the cure. Also, I have seen but not tried a “Japanese Gravlax” recipe using Shisho leaves instead of dill, which is intriguing.

for whatever reason, reading this recipe was an extreme delight. "Sprinkle the mixture over the salmon evenly, with abandon, until fully covered, as if under a blanket of snow. Use all of it." yes, for sure, gladly.

I've been making gravlax for years but prefer much less sugar. A little aquavit works just as well.

Freeze the salmon for 3 days at –18'C to kill any parasites. Then cure for no more than 2 days to get a succulent salmon, much less salty and dry than if you cure it for longer. Try various alternatives to dill, e.g. juniper berries and pink/rose pepper + a glass of gin (for the end of the year holidays), or fresh ginger and chili (for an Asian touch).

I, too, have been making gravlax for years and, like you, use less sugar; I use a 2:1 ratio of salt to sugar.

Ive been making it for years..recipe from famous chef-guy on Vancouver Island. His is similar but u also add 2 tbsp of sake or sherry or even vodka. But never for 5 days..that wud turn it into a hard texture. I do mine overnight and the next day it is perfect..shiny an slippery an cured.

After pulling worms or whatever from a fresh salmon filet I always buy fresh frozen filets. My mother is swedish and I know how to make gravlax. I have used both fresh and frozen Pacific salmon and scottish salmon. Even the FDA recommends using frozen salmon just to kill anything that may still be alive in your filet. Google salmon parasites. Freezing it kils those nasty critters. And freezing has not affected the taste nor texture of my gravlax.

I've been making gravlax since working in Sweden in the 1980s. To the recipe above, you can crush some juniper berries and a couple of table spoons of gin. Or you can add some lemon and orange zest which also enhances the salmon. I always make a double recipe and freeze half for another occasion. The Swedes serve with wasabrodt (big round hard crackers) and the traditional dill sauce.

I've made this for years. My recipe doesn't have pepper but does have red onion. The dill and onion are sandwiched between the two pieces of salmon, flesh side together. It is weighted and flipped periodically over a 48 hour period. All through the house can be heard - "Did you flip the lox?" We make about 10 pounds for our annual New Years Day brunch which has about 80 people. We never have enough left for our bagels the next day.

I have made gravlax with king salmon lots but never cured it for 5 days. 2 1/2 days is plenty. For Atlantic salmon which is fattier, 3 1/2 days is enough cure. I also wrap the fish in Saran Wrap, poke holes in the dishes for the brine to drain and turn it twice a day.

Putting dill on the fish first and then salt and sugar on top (much less sugar is good too) and this during 18 hours is enough time and keeps the fish's flavor optimal.

Been making gravlax for decades. Some tips: 1. Use brick(s) wrapped in foil as weights. 2. I ALWAYS use brown sugar, not white. Salt sugar ratio is a matter of preference. 3. A blend of coarse, cracked black, white & red peppercorns yields superior flavor results. 4. Three days is sufficient cure time. No discernible difference at day five. 5. If you have wild fennel growing around, lay some young fronds on with the dill. If not, add crushed fennel seed to peppercorn mix. Chill the vodka. Enjoy.

I was introduced to gravlax by a Swedish friend and cook extraordinaire. Her recipe is almost identical except it uses white pepper instead of black. Also, the gravlax is ready to eat after 24 to 48 hours in the salt/sugar brine. I have never cured it for 5 days. I turn it the filet once in the middle of the time. Also, gravlax is classically served with a mustard sauce: equal parts yellow mustard, sugar, oil. Mix mustard and sugar, beat in oil in a stream, add a lot of cut fresh dill.

Weight is important. A third to half the sugar called for. Farmed salmon is hard to kill in a recipe but 5 days, unless the filet is really thick, is too long for me; 72 hours is about right. Also, there are no undesired bits of fat or flesh; they’re all good. Don’t fuss about the pin bones; it’s good calcium. If you really have Alaska king salmon, just cook it instead of curing it.

My gravlax recipe is from a dear Swedish friend. I use half the amount of sugar as salt, add a bit of vodka, and definitely weigh down the filets, flipping top to bottom, front to back. It is cured in two days. Five days is simply too long. It is wonderful as the Swedes serve it - but it’s also great on a bagel (preferably pumpernickel) with whipped cream cheese, dill, and slivered red onions!

Anne, As well, my Gravlax recipe requires vodka too. I also think that plenty of dill is a must!!! I even like to add capers and sometimes goat cheese and tapenade.

I have wanted to make this for a long time. I think I am ready , however, I recently read that you should freeze your salmon and then defrost before curing (food safety). Is this true? Is purchasing previously frozen salmon o.k.?

I made this during Covid. It takes about 5 days to cure. You don't need the shallots, and you really don't need the most expensive salmon. The result was so much better than store bought lox that it defies description. A good knife for slicing very thin on the diagonal is essential to get the best of this gravlox.

From now on, I want all recipes to be as poetic as Gabrielle Hamilton’s recipe for gravlax.

Tried this as directed. Really liked it. I actually preferred the longer 5 day cure. Some here have noted a shorter time. That was also Ok, but if you want a cured flavor a longer time (as in the recipe) was delicious. I added fennel - it ended up very strong. Next time would do without that and maybe lemon zest.

made a second time. used half sugar, a third or less the dill. cut filet in half, place inside 1 gallon ziplock skin sides together, turn every day - so easy. happy with the results. comments included salty, and strong dill flavor. will adjust accordingly.

My father’s go to recipe: mix equal parts sugar, salt and liquid smoke. For a full side, I’ve use about 3T each. Rub on both sides of salmon. Place salmon in Sunday NY Times bag (alas I live in a rural area and only get digital version so I use a large ziplock bag). Refrigerate for 7 days flipping daily. When done, if desired, cut into smaller sections and freeze. Pull out night before and in the morning, slice thinly and enjoy.

The classic version calls for a couple of shots of Aquavit as part of the cure. The classic accompaniment is ice cold beer and even colder shots of Aquavit, but a good sparkling wine or Champagne or good Riesling work well, too.

Made this twice, with two different curing times (and with added gin). First time: 2 1/2 days of curing was divine and silky. Second time: recommended five days of curing was coarser, but not rough, but much like tasting a salt lick! 2 1/2 days it is!

I went four days, and the edges were definitely getting tough (consistency of dried apricot), but the middle is FANTASTIC. Totally recommended.

I failed to properly note when to flip the salmon. As a result, I've flipped it on day 4. Does anyone have a recommendation on whether I should stop the curing at 5 days (only 1 day flesh down), or whether I should cure it an extra day to be more balanced? Thanks!

I’ve been making gravlax for 40 years and I have found 2 days is plenty long for curing. Longer than that and your salmon gets glassy and tough and loses its fresh taste and soft texture. BUT I also use extremely fresh salmon and lay two fillets face to face after coating each with salt and sugar, then weight it. Drain fluid off every eight hours or so. Boy, I love the suggestion to add whiskey or shiso. Can’t wait for next summer’s catch!

Loved this. Followed recipe almost exactly save for sprinkling salmon w slices of fennel along with dill. Some said the sugar was too much but I thought it balanced perfectly with the pepper. Five days wasn't too long for my "Fresh and fat" side of salmon but next time I'll try less time too see if it makes a difference. Eating this on the side of every meal of the day!

How long will this keep once it's cured? I'd love to try this but there are just two of us.

It keeps for a week!

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